The Top 10 Italian Dog Breeds
Cane Corso
The Cane Corso is an imposing and noble Italian mastiff breed with deep historical roots. Its name derives from the Latin “Cohors,” meaning “guardian” or “protector,” which perfectly reflects its original purpose. Dating back to ancient Roman times, the Cane Corso descended from the Canis Pugnax, the war dogs used by Roman legions. Over the centuries, the breed transitioned from battlefield assistant to farm guardian, primarily used in southern Italy for hunting large game, guarding property, and driving livestock.
In terms of size, the Cane Corso is a powerful and athletic dog, typically standing between 23.5 to 27.5 inches at the shoulder and weighing anywhere from 90 to 120 pounds. Despite their bulk, they are agile and fast, with a lean, muscular build that makes them versatile working dogs.
Temperamentally, the Cane Corso is intelligent, loyal, and protective. They form deep bonds with their families and are often wary of strangers, making them excellent watchdogs. However, they require firm, consistent training and socialization from an early age. Their dominant nature means they’re best suited for experienced dog owners who can provide clear leadership. Without proper guidance, they can become territorial or overly assertive.
Though not as common in celebrity circles as some other breeds, the Cane Corso has been steadily gaining attention. One of the most famous Cane Corsos was “Titan,” a dog who went viral for his massive size and protective instincts. Additionally, rapper Drake has shared photos of his Cane Corso, which has brought the breed more into the public eye.
Overall, the Cane Corso is a majestic, ancient breed with strong protective instincts, making it ideal for those seeking a loyal and capable guardian with a rich history and commanding presence.
The Dogo Sardo
The Dogo Sardo, also known as the Cane Sardo or Sardinian Dogue, is a rare and ancient Molosser-type breed originating from the island of Sardinia, Italy. Its roots trace back centuries, likely descended from the powerful war and hunting dogs brought to the island by various conquering civilizations, including the Romans. Traditionally, the Dogo Sardo was used by Sardinian shepherds and farmers as a livestock guardian, property protector, and hunting companion for wild boar and other large game. Its rugged nature reflects the harsh, mountainous terrain of Sardinia, where only the strongest and most adaptable dogs survived.
In terms of size, the Dogo Sardo is large and muscular, yet agile and well-proportioned. Males typically stand between 22 to 26 inches at the shoulder, with females slightly smaller. Their weight ranges from 80 to 120 pounds. The breed has a short, dense coat, usually in shades of brindle, black, or fawn, and their broad heads, strong jaws, and intense expressions give them a formidable appearance.
The Dogo Sardo has a bold, confident temperament. It is loyal, fearless, and highly protective of its family and territory. These dogs are known for their strong guarding instincts and can be wary of strangers, but they are deeply affectionate with their owners. They are independent and intelligent, requiring experienced, assertive handlers who can provide consistent training and early socialization.
Lagorai Shepherd
The Lagorai Shepherd (Pastore del Lagorai) is an extremely rare and rustic Italian herding breed, originating from the Lagorai mountain range in the Trentino-Alto Adige region of northern Italy. Though not yet officially recognized by major kennel clubs, it is a valued working dog in its homeland, where it has been used for generations by local shepherds to herd livestock, particularly sheep and goats, across the rugged alpine pastures.
The exact origins of the Lagorai Shepherd are somewhat mysterious, but it likely descends from ancient European shepherd dogs and regional working breeds. It has been shaped more by function than by formal breeding standards, with dogs selected for their endurance, intelligence, and ability to thrive in harsh, mountainous environments.
In terms of size, the Lagorai Shepherd is medium to large, with males typically standing 20 to 24 inches at the shoulder and weighing around 55 to 75 pounds. The breed has a strong, athletic build, allowing it to work long hours in challenging terrain. Its coat is dense and weather-resistant, often seen in shades of black, black with tan markings, or sable, providing protection against cold mountain climates.
The temperament of the Lagorai Shepherd is defined by its intelligence, alertness, and dedication. It is a hardworking, loyal dog that forms close bonds with its handler. While typically reserved with strangers, it is not overly aggressive, focusing instead on its work. It is highly responsive and eager to please, making it trainable but best suited to active owners familiar with working breeds.
Neopolitan Mastiff
The Neapolitan Mastiff (Mastino Napoletano) is one of Italy’s most iconic and ancient dog breeds, renowned for its massive size, distinctive loose skin, and deep wrinkles. Its lineage traces back thousands of years to the mighty Molosser dogs of ancient Rome, which were used in battle, as gladiator dogs, and as intimidating guardians. Over the centuries, these dogs were refined in the Naples region, where they became known for their exceptional guarding instincts and fearsome appearance, prized by Italian estates and villas as loyal protectors.
In terms of size, the Neapolitan Mastiff is a giant breed. Males typically stand 26 to 31 inches tall at the shoulder and weigh between 150 to 200 pounds, with females slightly smaller. Their most distinctive feature is their loose, heavily wrinkled skin and thick, pendulous lips, along with their broad, powerful heads. Despite their bulk, they are surprisingly agile when necessary.
Temperamentally, the Neapolitan Mastiff is known for its loyal, calm, and protective nature. They are deeply devoted to their family, often forming strong bonds, especially with children. However, they are naturally wary of strangers and can be highly territorial. They require confident, experienced owners who can provide firm, consistent leadership along with early socialization to manage their strong guarding instincts. Despite their imposing look, they tend to be gentle and affectionate with those they trust.
The breed has appeared in popular culture, most famously as “Fang,” Hagrid’s dog in the Harry Potter film series, although Fang’s temperament in the films is far more timid than a typical Mastino’s. Additionally, the Neapolitan Mastiff has been showcased in various films and media for its dramatic, ancient appearance.
Today, the Neapolitan Mastiff stands as a living symbol of ancient Italy’s canine history—majestic, powerful, and deeply loyal.
Bolgnese Dog
The Bolognese dog is a charming and ancient toy breed hailing from Bologna, Italy. It belongs to the Bichon family of breeds, sharing ancestry with other small companion dogs such as the Maltese and Bichon Frisé. The Bolognese has been treasured for centuries by Italian nobility and aristocrats as a devoted lapdog and companion. Its history can be traced back to Roman times, but the breed truly flourished during the Renaissance, often appearing in the paintings of artists like Titian and Goya. It was a favorite among the Italian and European elite, frequently given as a prized gift between royals.
The Bolognese is a small and sturdy dog, typically weighing between 5.5 to 9 pounds and standing around 10 to 12 inchestall at the shoulder. Its most distinctive feature is its beautiful, fluffy, pure white coat, which is soft, long, and somewhat curly, giving it an almost cloud-like appearance. Unlike many small breeds, the Bolognese has a square, compact build that makes it look well-proportioned rather than delicate.
In terms of temperament, the Bolognese is known for being affectionate, intelligent, and calm. It thrives on human companionship and forms strong bonds with its family, often becoming very attached to its owners. The breed is generally quiet and gentle, making it well-suited for apartment living. While they can be reserved with strangers at first, they are not aggressive and tend to warm up with time. Their playful, easygoing nature also makes them great with children and other pets.
Famous throughout history, the Bolognese was favored by historical figures such as Catherine the Great of Russia and Madame de Pompadour of France. Today, it remains a rare but highly adored breed, valued for its loving personality and regal charm.
Cirneco Dell’Etna
The Cirneco dell’Etna is an ancient and elegant hunting breed from the island of Sicily, Italy, specifically named after Mount Etna, Europe’s largest active volcano. This slender, athletic dog has a history that stretches back over 2,500 years, with origins believed to trace to the dogs of ancient Egypt or Phoenician traders who brought them to the Mediterranean. The breed was traditionally used for hunting small game, particularly rabbits, across the rugged, volcanic landscapes of Sicily. Its exceptional speed, agility, and keen sense of smell made it a prized hunting companion for Sicilian farmers.
Physically, the Cirneco dell’Etna is a medium-sized, sleek, and graceful dog. Males typically stand 18 to 20 inches tall at the shoulder and weigh around 22 to 26 pounds, with females slightly smaller. The breed has a short, fine coat, usually in shades of light to dark tan or chestnut, sometimes with white markings. Its large, upright ears and almond-shaped eyes give it a keen, alert expression, while its lean, muscular frame reflects its endurance and agility.
The Cirneco dell’Etna is known for its intelligence, independence, and lively temperament. It is affectionate with family but can be reserved with strangers. The breed is highly energetic, requiring regular exercise to stay happy and well-behaved. While it has a strong hunting instinct, it is also gentle, adaptable, and eager to please, making it suitable for active households. Training should be consistent but patient, as the breed can be somewhat stubborn.
Segugio Maremmano
The Segugio Maremmano is a traditional Italian hunting breed originating from the Maremma region of Tuscany and Lazio. Known for its exceptional scenting ability, this breed has been prized for centuries by hunters, particularly for tracking wild boar and other game in Italy’s rugged countryside. Though it shares some similarities with other Italian scent hounds like the Segugio Italiano, the Segugio Maremmano was specifically developed for the demanding terrain and dense brush of the Maremma area.
The breed’s history is deeply rooted in Italy’s hunting culture, where it has long been valued for its tenacity, endurance, and sharp nose. It remains a working breed first and foremost, selectively bred for performance rather than appearance, making it a favorite among local hunters.
Physically, the Segugio Maremmano is a medium-sized, robust, and agile dog. Males typically stand 18 to 21 inches tall at the shoulder, with females slightly smaller. They usually weigh between 30 to 50 pounds. The breed comes in two coat varieties: short-haired and rough-haired, both dense and protective against the elements. Coat colors range from fawn, black and tan, to brindle, blending well with the woodland environment.
The Segugio Maremmano has a spirited, determined, and independent temperament. It is energetic and focused when working but also known to be loyal and affectionate with its family. This breed thrives on activity and mental stimulation, making it best suited to experienced owners who can provide ample exercise and a purpose, whether through hunting or other active pursuits. Its independent streak, common in scent hounds, means training requires patience and consistency.
Italian Greyhound
The Italian Greyhound (Piccolo Levriero Italiano) is a graceful and elegant toy sighthound with ancient origins. This breed has been cherished for thousands of years, with its roots tracing back to ancient Egypt and Rome, where small greyhounds were admired by nobility for their beauty and companionship. By the Renaissance, the Italian Greyhound became especially popular in Italy, frequently appearing in the paintings of great artists such as Giotto and Botticelli. The breed was beloved by European aristocracy, including Catherine the Great of Russia and Queen Victoria, who kept Italian Greyhounds as cherished pets.
Physically, the Italian Greyhound is the smallest of the sighthound family. It typically stands 13 to 15 inches tall at the shoulder and weighs between 7 to 14 pounds. Despite its delicate appearance, the breed is well-muscled, built for speed, and remarkably agile. Its short, fine coat comes in a variety of colors, including shades of fawn, blue, black, and cream, giving it a sleek, polished look.
The Italian Greyhound is known for its affectionate, sensitive, and playful temperament. It forms strong attachments to its owners and thrives on human companionship. While gentle and sweet-natured, it can be reserved or shy with strangers. The breed has a playful, sometimes mischievous streak and enjoys short bursts of running and playtime. Due to its slim build, it can be prone to injuries if handled too roughly, making it better suited to homes with older children.
Famous throughout history, the Italian Greyhound has maintained its regal reputation. Notably, Frederick the Great of Prussia adored his Italian Greyhounds, and they frequently appear in classical artwork. Today, the breed remains popular among those who appreciate its combination of elegance, charm, and affectionate companionship.
Volpino
The Volpino Italiano is a charming and ancient Italian Spitz-type breed, known for its fluffy coat, fox-like face, and lively personality. The name Volpino means “little fox” in Italian, a nod to its pointed muzzle and bushy tail. Its origins date back thousands of years, with ancestors likely descending from the ancient European spitz dogs. The Volpino was especially popular during the Renaissance in Tuscany and throughout Italy, often seen in the homes of noble families and artists alike. Even famed artist Michelangelo is said to have kept a Volpino as a companion.
Historically, the Volpino was not just a lapdog for aristocrats; it also served as an alert watchdog for Italian merchants, artisans, and even shepherds. Despite its small size, it was prized for its sharp hearing and loud bark, warning owners of intruders.
In terms of size, the Volpino Italiano is a small, compact, and well-proportioned dog. It generally stands about 10 to 12 inches tall at the shoulder and weighs between 9 to 14 pounds. Its thick, long, fluffy double coat—most commonly seen in pure white, though sometimes in red or champagne—gives it a striking, cloud-like appearance. Its erect ears and curled tail add to its fox-like charm.
Temperamentally, the Volpino is known for being alert, lively, and affectionate. It bonds closely with its family, making it a devoted companion. The breed is naturally wary of strangers and makes an excellent watchdog despite its small stature. Energetic and intelligent, the Volpino enjoys playtime and moderate exercise but is equally happy cuddling at home.
Bergamasco Shepherd
The Bergamasco Shepherd (Pastore Bergamasco) is an ancient and distinctive herding breed from the Italian Alps, specifically around the Bergamo region near Milan. This breed has been used for centuries by mountain shepherds to herd and guard sheep in harsh alpine conditions. Its origins are believed to date back more than 2,000 years, possibly descending from dogs brought to Europe by Phoenician traders or Eastern nomadic peoples.
The most iconic feature of the Bergamasco Shepherd is its unique matted coat, which naturally forms dense “flocks” or flat cords as the dog matures. This coat, made of three types of hair, serves as both insulation and protection from predators and the cold mountain climate. Coat colors are usually shades of gray, silver, or black that blend with the rocky alpine terrain.
In terms of size, the Bergamasco Shepherd is a medium to large dog, with males standing around 23.5 inches at the shoulder and females slightly smaller. They typically weigh between 70 to 85 pounds, with a sturdy, well-muscled frame designed for endurance rather than speed.
Temperamentally, the Bergamasco is known for being intelligent, patient, and calm. It is highly devoted to its family and forms strong bonds with its humans. Unlike many herding breeds, the Bergamasco tends to be more laid-back, showing an independent but cooperative nature. It is naturally protective but not aggressive, making it an excellent watchdog. Due to its high intelligence, it responds well to training but benefits most from positive reinforcement and mental stimulation.